Understanding Literature in light of Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales and Lu Xun's A Diary of a Madman

I would like to cite the ideas of literature as they were employed in these two literary texts: Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales and Lu Xun’s A Diary of a Madman.

Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is a canonized literary work in the 1300’s that tells twenty-four individual tales of pilgrims. Its richness in literary devices (i.e. the use of fabliau, allegory, romance fable among many others), having delivered by different voices, also brings a kind of isolation to Chaucer himself as the writer and as the narrator.  It also presents varying thematic concerns that associates this classical work to be also value-laden in characteristic, although, arguably, some of the tales discord values and present other human tendencies. Hence, how we also classify literature as an imitation of life is represented in Chaucer’s work, too.  

 A Diary of a Madman is rich in cultural and historical context as Lu Xun’s daunting imageries in his story delineates feudal values that were present in China (the main character having felt that the people in his community were conspiring to eat him is a representation of corruption of the community adopting the said values). Although he used the Chinese vernacular language as his medium in writing, it does not entirely suffice the connotations in the story. Lu Xun’s short story gave a timely release in the middle of uprisings against oppression and foreign imperialism, thus, we also see literature as reflection of the writer’s life magnifying his view of the struggles occurring in his time.

The inherent characteristics imposed by the ideas that I learned about literature gave more room to understanding its variedness and receptiveness to conditions: as an imitation of our perception of what is real and unreal, as the product of the writer, as an embodying element of form, and also as a conduit that transcends into others far from its creator.

Dead Stars in light of psyche and mores LITT 503 entry

Paz Marquez Benitez has exemplified the presence of psyche in her brilliant short story, Dead Stars. It presents a prevalent struggle of love in the time that it is certain and still as it exists in two worlds; a world in the commune of conventions and expectations and a world that is unimpeded by the first.  Psyche as ‘faculty of human thought, judgment, and emotion’ (Saunders, 2007) could be elaborately described in the persona of Alfredo Salazar who was to be wedded with Esperanza. His untimely meeting with Julia Salas had provoked a seemingly temporary liking towards her at first, posed subliminal and fleeting emotions that caused him to be caught in a stir. Bound by a devoir that he felt not just to Esperanza but to his family and to people who knew them, he married his fiancé, but remained far and deep in his unwavering thoughts of Julia Salas. How his decision was made could not be ostracized in the presence of customs and conventions of his time (mores). His engagement with Esperanza funnelled into crowding bourgeois opinions and imperatives from people who knew them, thus, kept their relationship narrow and mindful of what others might think of them. This is evident in Alfredo’s argument with Esperanza about her sister, Calixta. The pressure of the news about her sister living with someone when the two were not married evinced on their status as an engaged couple that was slowly turning into a dysfunctional one.

Dead Stars reflects a socio cultural factor that does not alter but organically contributes to our being, and as it gradually changes over time, we inextricably adapt to it. In the end, the staggering feeling of Alfredo in realizing that his love towards Julia Salas was lost when they met years after they parted ways, divulges his unconscious fitting in time as he was consciously thinking about his love for her; it was a non-progressing feeling as what was left to him was just a memory of his passion and his youth shared with Julia Salas. 

Stupid Blahs

Over the past few weeks, I have been completely drawn in my little world of frustrations that I was pretty much in pain-figuratively. I was tired and definitely scattering myself to some options that are not pleasant and deliberately chaotic. But they were predictable responses. Knowing these tendencies on the occurrence of "fate-up-against-my-will" whirl thing, I don't think anyone would expect me to turn things around so quick. My experiences might be different from others but the impact- it's actually generic. This isn't the first time I've written something to air out (though some of it not posted) shitty days, cluttered with typhoons of cliched self-provocations.

Things were rather getting stupider every time and I was becoming inattentive to better things.

I might write something like this again and serve you with my another distasteful fancies about pain, sadness, frustrations, etc. and probably some of them might appear close to giving in, but while I'm still trying, I'll try not to write "something" with a conjecture that I give up. I always like the idea that the purpose of how we were designed is to continue finding ways to become better even if days, weeks, months, years are a shitload of misfortunes and disappointments.

Martians aren't green. They're mauve.

Earlier this afternoon, I felt the urge to draw in some inspirations for writing. So I decided to read few essays from my favorite writers and came across with this one written by Kurt Vonnegut. 


Yes, I got what I wanted. 

Knowing What’s Nice

by Kurt Vonnegut

November 6, 2003

Author’s note: I’m working on a novel, If God Were Alive Today, about a fictitious man, Gil Berman, 36 years my junior, who cracks jokes or whatever in front of college audiences from time to time, something I myself have done. Here are excerpts from some of what I myself said onstage at the University of Wisconsin in Madison on the evening of September 22, 2003, as we touch off the last chunks and drops and whiffs of fossil fuels.

K.V.
September 24, 2003
Sagaponack, New York

It must be kind of spooky to be a student or teacher in a university as great as this one, with its libraries and laboratories and lecture halls, while knowing it is within the borders of a nation where wisdom, reason, knowledge and truth no longer apply.

I realize that some of you may have come in hopes of hearing tips on how to become a professional writer. I say to you, ''If you really want to hurt your parents, and you don’t have the nerve to be a homosexual, the least you can do is go into the arts. But do not use semicolons. They are transvestite hermaphrodites, standing for absolutely nothing. All they do is show you’ve been to college.''

But actually, to practice any art, no matter how well or badly, is a way to make your soul grow. So do it. Dance on your way out of here. Sing on your way out of here. Write a love poem when you get home. Draw a picture of your bed or roommate.

And hey, listen: A sappy woman sent me a letter a few years back. She knew I was sappy, too, which is to say a lifelong northern Democrat in the Franklin Delano Roosevelt mode, a friend of the working stiffs. She was about to have a baby, not mine, and wished to know if it was a bad thing to bring such a sweet and innocent creature into a world as bad as this one is. I replied that what made being alive almost worthwhile for me, besides music, was all the saints I met, who could be anywhere. By saints I meant people who behaved decently in a strikingly indecent society. Perhaps some of you are or will become saints for her child to meet.

And now I want to tell you about my late Uncle Alex. He was my father’s kid brother, a childless graduate of Harvard who was an honest life insurance salesman in Indianapolis. He was well-read and wise. And his principal complaint about other human beings was that they so seldom noticed it when they were happy. So when we were drinking lemonade under an apple tree in the summer, say, and talking lazily about this and that, almost buzzing like honeybees, Uncle Alex would suddenly interrupt the agreeable blather to exclaim, ''If this isn’t nice, I don’t know what is.''

So I do the same now, and so do my kids and grandkids. And I urge you to please notice when you are happy, and exclaim or murmur or think at some point, ''If this isn’t nice, I don’t know what is.''

That’s one favor I’ve asked of you.

Now I’ve got another one, a show of hands. How many of you have had a teacher at any point in your entire education who made you happier to be alive, prouder to be alive than you had previously believed possible? Now please say the name of that teacher out loud to someone sitting or standing near you.

OK? All done? ''If this isn’t nice, I don’t know what is.''

I’ll be 81 on November 11. What’s it like to be this old? I can’t parallel park worth a damn anymore. Please don’t watch when I try to do it. But no matter how bad things may get for me, the music will still be wonderful. My epitaph, should I ever need one, God forbid: ''The only proof he ever needed of the existence of God was music.''

You and the police are entitled to know, since I am going to spend the night near you, that I am both a Humanist and a Luddite. I may hold a Black Mass in the parking garage of the Best Western Hotel, if I can find a neo-conservative baby to sacrifice.

Do you know what a Humanist is? I am honorary president of the American Humanist Association, having succeeded the late, great science fiction writer Isaac Asimov in that functionless capacity. We Humanists try to behave well without any expectation of rewards or punishments in an afterlife. We serve as best we can the only abstraction with which we have any real familiarity, which is our community.

We had a memorial services for Isaac a few years back, and at one point I said, ''Isaac is up in Heaven now.'' It was the funniest thing I could have said to a group of Humanists. I rolled them in the aisles. It was several minutes before order could be restored. And if I should ever die, God forbid, I hope you will say, ''Kurt is up in Heaven now.'' That’s my favorite joke.

Do you know what a Luddite is? That’s a person who doesn’t like newfangled contraptions. Contraptions like nuclear submarines armed with Poseidon missiles that have H-bombs in their warheads, and like computers that cheat you out of becoming. Bill Gates says, ''Wait till you can see what your computer can become.'' But it’s you who should be doing the becoming. What you can become is the miracle you were born to work—not the damn fool computer.

Now you know what a Humanist and a Luddite are. Do you know what a Twerp is? When I was in high school in Indianapolis 65 years ago, a Twerp was a guy who stuck a set of false teeth up his rear end and bit the buttons off the back seats of taxicabs. (And a Snarf was a guy who sniffed the seats of girls’ bicycles.)

And I consider anybody a Twerp who hasn’t read the greatest American short story, which is ''Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge,'' by Ambrose Bierce. It isn’t remotely political. It is a flawless example of American genius, like ''Sophisticated Lady'' by Duke Ellington or the Franklin stove. ''Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge,'' by Ambrose Bierce.

I consider anybody a Twerp who hasn’t read Democracy in America by Alexis de Tocqueville. There can never be a better book than that one on the strengths and vulnerabilities inherent in our form of government.

Want a taste of that great book? He says, and he said it 168 years ago, that in no country other than ours has love of money taken stronger hold on the affections of men. OK?

And many of you, if not most, have surely at least dipped into that great book. But I can hardly call you Twerps, or even Snarfs, if you have never even heard of the next book I want to celebrate. Practically nobody has, since it is basically a medical text: The Mask of Sanity, first published in 1941 and written by the late Dr. Hervey Cleckley, a clinical professor of psychiatry at the Medical College of Georgia.

Some people are born deaf, some are born blind or whatever, and this book is about congenitally defective human beings of a sort who are making this whole country and many other parts of the planet go completely haywire nowadays. These are people born without consciences. They know full well the pain their actions may cause others to feel but do not care. They cannot care. They came into this world with a screw loose, and now they’re taking charge of everything. They appear to be great leaders because they are so decisive. Do this! Do that! What makes them so decisive is that they do not care and cannot care what happens next.

Now then, there’s a good news and there’s a bad news tonight. The bad news is that the Martians have landed in New York City, and are staying at the Waldorf. The good news is that they only eat homeless man, women and children of all colors, and they pee gasoline.

But seriously, if you read the supermarket tabloids you know that for the past 10 years a team of Martian anthropologists has been studying our country, the only country worth a damn on the whole planet—forget Brazil and Argentina. Well, they went back home last week because they knew how really awful global warming is about to be. Their space ship wasn’t a flying saucer. It was more of a flying soup tureen. And they’re little, only six inches high, but they aren’t green. They’re mauve.

By way of farewell, their little mauve leader said there were two things about American culture no Martian could ever understand. ''What is it,'' she said in that teeny-weeny, tanny-wanny, toney-woney little voice of hers, ''what can it possibly be about blow jobs and golf?''

That is stuff from a novel I’ve been working on for the past five years, about a standup comedian at the end of the world. It is about making jokes while we are killing all the fish in the ocean, and touching off the last chunks or drops or whiffs of fossil fuel. But it will not let itself be finished.

Its working title—or actually non-working title—is If God Were Alive Today. And hey, listen: It is time we thanked God that we are in a country where even the poor people are overweight. But the Bush diet could change that.

And about the novel I can never finish, If God Were Alive Today: The hero, the standup comedian on Doomsday, not only denounces our addiction to fossil fuels, with the pushers in the White House. Because of overpopulation, he is also against sexual intercourse. His name is Gil Berman, and he says to audiences like this one, ''I am a flaming neuter. I am as celibate as at least 50 percent of the heterosexual Roman Catholic clergy. Celibacy is not a root canal, and it is so cheap and convenient. Talk about safe sex! You don’t have to do or say anything afterwards, because there is no afterwards.''

Gil Berman goes on: ''When my tantrum, which is what I call my TV set, waves boobs in my face, and tells me that everybody but me is going to get laid tonight, and this is a national emergency, so I’ve got to rush out and buy pills or a car or a folding gymnasium I can hide under my bed, I laugh like a hyena. I know and you know there are millions upon millions of good Americans, present company not excepted, who aren’t going to get laid tonight.

''And we neuter vote! And I look forward to a day when the President of the United States, no less, who probably isn’t going to get laid that night either, decrees a National Neuter Pride Day. And out of our closets we’ll come. And we will go marching up main streets all over this great land of ours, shoulders squared, chins held high, and laughing like hyenas.''

What about God, if He were alive today? Gil Berman says, ''God would have to be an Athiest, because the excrement has hit the air-conditioning big time, big time.'

Dejado

Dejado was formed in 2005-a Manila-based rock group with members: Nojo Gamara (vocals) Domeng Dalisay (guitar) Migs Gamara (bass) with line-up changes on drums, finally came Marlon Caacbay. Their strong and progressive song writing style has a feel from local rock artists such as The Jerks, The Brew and other 90's Pinoy rock icons along with foreign acts such as Incubus, Redhot Chili Peppers and other known blues and jazz players as their influences. They started out with heavy inclination for funk melodic style which in the latter years had been remarkably fused with soulful rhythm of blues and jazz.

Each member then gave new distinct approaches on their recent songs like "From Within", "Falling Pieces" and "Away We Go,"  adding their  growing appreciation for rawness as well- with Domeng's gritty texture on overdrive defined by lingering delays, Marlon's creative drum patterns and Migs's steady funk bass lines shaped by Nojo's powerful lyrics and  vocal character. The band has been featured on several musical events including scenes from Northern and Southern regions and has also entered internet radio guesting at UR Faceradio. With an increasing interest from various listeners, we expect to see and hear more of this band giving us a new taste of blues, jazz, funk and rock fused and continuously evolving as they are now preparing to record their songs.....soon!

Photos taken at Ayuyang Resto Bar, Baguio City

24

At this point, I can't really say I'm living life to the fullest. 'Cause if I do, I wouldn't be coming home to my parents every weekend and they wouldn't let me either. But most of the days in the past years that I come to recognize the joy of doing things that I like and doing some of those with some people completely in shadows was indeed a hell of an amazing adventure. I realized that I can't make everyone understand some of the ideals I carry with me, but I can't put myself to stop just because they don't like a thing or two of those ideals- otherwise, I'm just fooling myself. Now that I'm 24 and still playing a fair trade of the game, I'm glad to have learned new ways in life and somehow gradually making people understand what I do. 

My first portraits as a 24 year old woman. 

Anne Sexton

Oh yes, she fell in love with depression. 'Cause it's the only pill life has ever given her. And in the remote workings of the mind of a normal person, she devised something that would make her passion more evident.


Her Kind
by Anne Sexton

I have gone out, a possessed witch,
haunting the black air, braver at night;
dreaming evil, I have done my hitch
over the plain houses, light by light:
lonely thing, twelve-fingered, out of mind.
A woman like that is not a woman, quite.
I have been her kind.

I have found the warm caves in the woods,
filled them with skillets, carvings, shelves,
closets, silks, innumerable goods;
fixed the suppers for the worms and the elves:
whining, rearranging the disaligned.
A woman like that is misunderstood.
I have been her kind.

I have ridden in your cart, driver,
waved my nude arms at villages going by,
learning the last bright routes, survivor
where your flames still bite my thigh
and my ribs crack where your wheels wind.
A woman like that is not ashamed to die.
I have been her kind.